Hkcee 2010 Econ Paper 2 Q2 Work «Mobile»

Demand: ( P = 100 - 2Q_d ) Supply: ( P = 20 + 3Q_s )

Question 2 of the 2010 HKCEE Economics Paper 2 effectively tests foundational microeconomic principles: the relationship between price elasticity and total revenue, and the distinction between own-price effects and cross-price effects from substitutes. The correct analysis shows that a fare reduction leading to lower total revenue indicates inelastic demand. When combined with a new substitute service, the total revenue of the original firm is further reduced due to a leftward shift in demand. Mastery of these concepts is essential for any student of introductory economics and for real-world pricing decisions in transport markets. hkcee 2010 econ paper 2 q2

To correct the market failure, the government could impose a Pigovian tax equal to the marginal external cost per unit. This raises the firm’s marginal private cost to MSC, internalizing the externality and restoring the social optimum. The tax is economically efficient and raises public revenue but requires accurate estimation of the external cost and effective enforcement; misestimation leads to inefficiency. Alternatively, the government can set emission standards or limits (regulation). Standards guarantee pollution reduction but can be less cost-effective because firms face different marginal abatement costs. Tradable permits (cap-and-trade) combine certainty about total emissions with cost-effectiveness: firms with low abatement costs sell permits to high-cost firms. Downsides include administrative complexity, initial permit allocation issues, and the need for robust monitoring. Demand: ( P = 100 - 2Q_d )

Now equate with demand (Qd: at P=8, Qd=60; at P=6, Qd=80). Demand schedule: P = 10 – 0.05Q? Check: Q=80, P=6 yes; Q=60, P=8 yes. So demand: P=10 – 0.05Q. New supply: P=4 + 0.05Q? Let's derive: old supply P=2+0.05Q (since at Q=80, P=6). Then new supply P= (2+0.05Q)+2 = 4+0.05Q. Mastery of these concepts is essential for any

The market for a certain agricultural product has the following demand and supply functions (with quantity in tonnes, price in $ per tonne):

(d) Two Advantages of Division of Labour in Fashion Industry (4 marks) Increased Productivity/Speed: