Perhaps the most sophisticated intersection of these fields is in the treatment of true behavioral pathology, such as separation anxiety, noise phobias, or compulsive disorders.
The relationship between and veterinary science has evolved from viewing behavior as a secondary concern to treating it as a "standard of care". Modern veterinary medicine increasingly recognizes that behavioral changes are often the first—and sometimes only—sign of underlying physical health issues. The Role of Behavior in Veterinary Science
: Studying how diseases develop and how the immune system fights them. Pharmacology